Sloveso "to be"

Sloveso to be  je jedným z prvých gramatických javov, ktorý sa na hodinách učí. Je to výborný štart do angličtiny, pretože ak ho ovládam, viem vyjadriť kto som, ako sa cítim a viem sa opísať. Na konci článku nájdete aj krátky test. Nezabudnite si stihanuť worksheet, kde nájdete poznámky a cvičenia. Happy learning 🙂

Form

 I am happy.                             We are happy.                       

You are happy.                       You are happy.

He is happy.                            They are happy.

She is happy.

It is happy.

Short forms

V hovorenej/ neformálnej angličtine je prirodzené používať skratky.

I am            = I’m                     We are       = We’re

You are      = You’re               You are      = You’re

He is            = He’s                   They are     = They’re

She is          = She’s

It is              =It’s

Skratky sa používajú aj s menami alebo názvami.

• John is = John’s tall.
• London is a very big city. = London’s a very big city.

Use

Sloveso to be poupoužívame ak hovoríme o:

• Vek: I’m 16 and my brother is six.
• Práca: She’s a student and her parents are teachers.
• Cena: This watch is $30.
• Čas: It’s nine o’clock.
• Pocit, stav: I’m hungry.
• Národnosť: They’re Argentinian.
• Farba: His eyes are blue. 

Negative form

I am not young.                      We are not young.

You are not young.                You are not young.

He is not young.                     They are not young.

She is not young.

It is not young.

I am not = I’m not                          

You are not = You’re not / You aren’t            

He is not = He’s not / He isn’t                          

She is not = She’s not / She isn’t

It is not = It’s not / It isn’t

We are not = We’re not / We aren’t

You are not = You’re not / You aren’t

They are not = They’re not / They aren’t

Questions

 Am I late?                      Are we late?

Are you late?                Are you late?

Is he late?                      Are they late?

Is she late?

Is it late?

Use

Sloveso to be používame ak sa chceme spýtať na:

• Vek: How old are you? Is he 16?
• Práca: Are you a student? No, I’m not.
• Cena: How much is this? Is it expensive?
• Čas: Is it ten o’clock? No, it isn’t. It’s eleven o’clock.
• Pocit, stav: I’m not tired. Are you tired?
• Národnosť: No, they’re not Spanish. Are you English?
• Farba: His eyes aren’t green, they’re blue.